COLORADO-APPEALSBLOG.COM

June 29, 2007

The supreme court will issue the following five decisions on Monday, July 2. I likely will not get summaries posted until after the Fourth of July holiday.

06SC188 Medina v. People

06SC314 Frasco v. People

05SC849 Denver Foundation v. Wells Fargo

07SA316 In re People v. Mills

07SA317 In re People v. Pryor-Riley

June 28, 2007

Today's court of appeals announcements are here. The court issued nine published decisions, summarized below.

A motion for attorney fees and costs under a statutory fee-shifting provision (as opposed to seeking attorneys fees as damages) did not not preclude a judgment on the merits from becoming final or toll the running of the forty-five-day period for filing a notice of appeal. Therefore, a notice of appeal filed more than 45 days after the entry of a motion directing verdict on the last remaining claim was untimely. Any failure by the trial court to enter judgment in conformity with C.R.C.P. 23(c)(3), did not affect the finality of the judgment for purposes of appeal. Goodwin v. Homeland Central Insurance Company

Economic loss rule did not bar plaintiff's negligence claim against homebuilders. Because the homebuilders' negligence claim rested on a duty of care is independent of any contractual duty defendants may have owed, plaintiff should have been allowed to pursue simultaneously her claims for negligence and breach of contract. Andrews v. Picard

In an appeal in C.R.C.P. 106(a)(4) action, the court reviewed a determination of defendant Boulder County Board of Adjustment applying provisions of the Boulder County Land Use Code to a special use permit issued to the predecessor in interest of intervenor, Cemex, Inc. The Permit conditionally approved the use of discarded tires as fuel for the manufacturing of cement. The court also reviewed a claim that defendant Graham Billingsley, in his official capacity as Director of the Boulder County Land Use Department, violated the Colorado Open Records Act, § 24-72-201. The court held that the BOA did not abuse its discretion in its application of the Code to the Permit, but concluded the district court needed to conduct further proceedings to determine whether there was a violation of CORA, and whether plaintiff may be entitled to costs and attorney fees. Sierra Club v. Billingsley

Trial court erred in dismissing claims as time-barred under the No-Fault Act because Plaintiff's claims did not accrue on the date of his automobile accident. Instead, Plaintiff's claims accrued on the date when he knew or should have known that the insurer failed to offer enhanced PIP benefits to the policyholder. Because the allegations in the complaint did not clearly demonstrate that the complaint was brought outside the statutory period, and because the application of the statute of limitations in this case presented a factual question that could not be resolved based on those allegations, dismissal was inappropriate. Wagner v. Grange Insurance Association

Trial court erred in ordering restitution for the cost of installing locks in office of burglary victim. Defendant’s conduct did not create or increase the victim’s risk of future burglaries, it merely exposed an existing vulnerability (i.e., the lack of locks on internal offices). Awarding restitution not because of any damage or injury defendant did or would inflict, but solely to correct the pre-existing vulnerability would put the victim in a better financial position than it would have been in had defendant’s conduct not occurred. Therefore, the restitution order for the cost of installing locks was improper. People v. Reyes

Court of appeals upholds trial court's permanent injunction, restraining property owner from renting its property on a short-term basis. The property was “held out primarily as a lodge for short-term rental,” something prohibited by a subdivision plat note, as interpreted by a 1979 ordinance. Such use thuse represented a change from the residential use for which the property was designed. The court of appeals rejected the property owner's argument that neither the subdivision plat nor the 1979 ordinance specifically excluded short-term rental of its duplex and that the rental operation did not render the duplex a “lodge” under the terms of the subdivision plat and 1979 ordinance. Jackson & Co. (USA), Inc. v. Town of Avon

Husband and wife owed child a duty of support and therefore the court of appeals affirmed the trial court’s order requiring husband to pay child support. But because the trial court did not specify a starting date or a monthly due date for the child support payment, the court remanded the case for the trial court to enter such orders. In re Marriage of Rodrick

Defendant contended arbitration award should be vacated because of plaintiff’s alleged failure to comply with conditions precedent to arbitration. But the court of appeals concluded that the issue whether plaintiff failed to comply with procedural conditions precedent to the arbitration was for the arbitrator to decide, and that an arbitrator’s resolution of that issue, even if erroneous, is not a ground for vacating or refusing to confirm the award. The court therefore affirmed the arbitration award. BRM Construction, Inc. v. Marais Gaylord, L.L.C.

Court of appeals upholds a district court's decision denying a waiver of the parental notification requirement of C.R.S. § 12-37.5-107, for a pregnant minor seeking an abortion. Petitioner stated in her petition, filed June 4, 2007, that she was approximately ten weeks pregnant and wanted to terminate her pregnancy by abortion without telling her parents. Upon receipt of the petition, the trial court held a hearing, at which petitioner appeared pro se. Following the hearing, the court entered an order denying the petition. It found, by clear and convincing evidence, that petitioner was not sufficiently mature to decide whether to have an abortion. The court of appeals noted that "the trial court appointed counsel to represent petitioner in an expedited appeal to this court pursuant to § 12-37.5-107(2)(d), C.R.S. 2006, and C.R.C.P. Chapter 23.5(3). Consistent with the confidentiality concerns set forth in § 12-37.5-107(2)(g), C.R.S. 2006, and C.R.C.P. Chapter 23.5(5), the identities of petitioner, her counsel, and the trial court are not shown on the caption page of this opinion." The court of appeals' opinion noted that the trial court found the petitioner lacked the maturity to decide whether to have an abortion, and that in making that determination, the trial court considered petitioner’s unwillingness to communicate with her mother or to consult with other adults, her focus on her own needs, and her failure to discuss the matter with a doctor. The court of appeals said, "While we recognize that there may be factors other than immaturity that would make a pregnant minor unwilling to communicate with her parent, the facts cited by the trial court were generally appropriate considerations in assessing petitioner’s maturity. In addition, the fact that petitioner exhibited only minimal understanding of the risks of the abortion procedure, and the fact that she was unemployed and being supported by her mother, could have been considered indicators of a lack of maturity." The court of appeals also noted that the petition stated it would not be in petitioner's best interest to tell her parent of the abortion, but concluded that there was nothing in the record to indicate that waiver should have been granted on this basis. Upon the Petition of Jane Doe 2

June 27, 2007

The supreme court has recently granted rules to show cause in the following two original proceedings:

No. 07SA167

Delta County District Court Case No. 06CV37 (Judge Charles R. Greenacre)

In re:

Plaintiff:

ANDREA GOETTMAN, for herself and in the Representative Capacity for the Estate, Heirs and Minor Children (LRG, JMG and MBG) of Michael Goettman

v. Defendants:

North Fork Valley Restaurant; Thirsty Parrot Pub; Lawrence Jakubiak; Gabe Neuenschwander; Patricia Medina; Kate Benton; Phillip Dunn; Hydramatic Engineering, Pty. Ltd; Aro Mining Products, USA, Inc.

Petitioner Hydramatic Engineering, Pty. Ltd. Seeks contends that it is not subject to the personal jurisdiction of the Delta County District Court in this wrongful death action because Hydramatic is a company organized under the laws of Australia and residing there. It requests that the court issue a writ of prohibition directing the District Court to dismiss the suit against Hydramatic for lack of jurisdiction.

On June 7, 2007, the court issued a rule to show cause why the requested relief should not be granted. Respondent Andrea Goettman, for herself and in the Representative Capacity for the Estate, Heirs and Minor Children (LRG, JMG and MBG) of Michael Goettman, is directed to provide a written answer on or before June 27, 2007. Petitioner Hydramatic has twenty days from receipt of the answer within which to reply.

No. 07SA138

Adams County District Court Case No. 06CV555 (Judge Thomas R. Ensor)

In Re:

Plaintiff:

ROBERT A. COOK

v.

Defendants:

GUADALUPE FERNANDEZ-ROCHA and FARMERS INSURANCE COMPANY.

Synopsis:

The trial court excluded the plaintiff’s treating physician from testifying as an expert witness because plaintiff failed to comply with discovery deadlines. The plaintiff claims the late disclosure was harmless and his expert should be allowed to testify under Todd v. Bear Valley Village Apartments, 980 P.2nd 973 (Colo.1999).

On May 11, 2007, the court issued a rule to show cause why the requested relief should not be granted. Respondent, Farmers Insurance Company, is directed to answer on or before May 29, 2007, and petitioner Robert A. Cook has 10 days from receipt of the answer within which to reply.

The court of appeals will release the following decisions tomorrow, including nine published opinions:

Published Opinions

No.: 05CA2038 Robert Goodwin, individually, et al. v. Homeland Central Insurance Company
No.: 05CA2566 Helen Andrews v. Davide Picard, et al.
No.: 05CA2607 Sierra Club v. Graham Billingsley, in his official capacity as Director of Boulder County Land Use Department, et al. and Cemex, Inc.
No.: 06CA0172 Donald Wagner v. Grange Insurance Association
No.: 06CA0241 People v. Gary L. Reyes
No.: 06CA0298 Jackson & Co. (USA), Inc. v. Town of Avon
No.: 06CA0306 Marriage of John Patrick Rodrick and Kathleen Rene Rodrick
No.: 06CA0559 BRM Construction, Inc. v. Marais Gaylord, L.L.C.
No.: 07CA1095 Upon the Petition of Jane Doe 2

Unpublished Opinions

No.: 03CA2220 People v. Justin Howard Hoyt
No.: 04CA1190 People v. Johnnie W. Rucker
No.: 04CA1751 People v. Anthony L. Andrusyk
No.: 04CA2006 Roberto Deleon Vega
No.: 04CA2397 Marriage of Newell Frederick Block and Renee Christine Block
No.: 04CA2534 People v. John D. Wise
No.: 05CA0277 People v. Clifford Lawrence Stovich
No.: 05CA0641 People v. Nathan T. Burrell
No.: 05CA1323 Allison Stephan v. Equisure, Inc.
No.: 05CA1420 People v. Chante Marie Dillon
No.: 05CA1680 People v. Miguel Torres, a/k/a Pasqual Torres Varela
No.: 05CA1852 People v. Noe Loya
No.: 05CA2466 People v. Michael James Dipentino
No.: 05CA2494 People James Ralph Dawson, Jr.
No.: 05CA2547 Debra J. Allen v. WMW and Associates, Inc. and Gates McDonald and Company, d/b/a Gates McDonald
No.: 05CA2573 David F. Leigh v. Esther Hannon
No.: 05CA2617 James W. Guercio; et al. v. Boulder County Board of Adjustment and Graham Billingsley and Cemex, Inc.
No.: 05CA2709 Marriage of Jeanie Becker-Davis and Gary P. Davis
No.: 06CA0057 People v. Joseph A. Futrell
No.: 06CA0120 Estate of Minnie Fuoco, Ward/Protected Person. Bernadette Fuoco v. Marie Blaney
No.: 06CA0216 People v. Jeff W. Hammond
No.: 06CA0407 Marriage of Gail H. Wanggaard-Martin and Dale J. Martin
No.: 06CA0452 People v. Allen Dwight Benson
No.: 06CA0470 Dale Gross v. A.W. Goodrich
No.: 06CA0623 Parrish Wilkins v. Alma S. Catholic
No.: 06CA0654 Tommel Financial Services, Inc. v. FNF Capital, Inc.
No.: 06CA0728 Ronald W. Harthan v. State of Colorado, Department of Natural Resources, Division of Wildlife, and State Personnel Board
No.: 06CA0839 People v. Alexander Birjulin
No.: 06CA0887 People v. Wally R. Beattie
No.: 06CA0897 Marriage of Charla Jerome and Jeffrey Jerome
No.: 06CA1158 Marios Ah Chang v. Jim Keith, individually and in his official capacity as Warden; et al.
No.: 06CA1166 People v. David W. Franklin
No.: 06CA1264 People v. Gregory L. Crawford
No.: 06CA1317 People v. Mark A. Corzine
No.: 06CA1347 People v. Daniel P. Yascavage
No.: 06CA1494 Jimmy Williams v. Al Estep, Warden, Limon Correctional Facility
No.: 06CA1662 Carlos Mason v. Bobby Johnson, et al.
No.: 06CA1825 People v. Lee Eldon Woodring
No.: 06CA1838 People v. Thomas E. Girardin
No.: 06CA2173 Michael Voxakis v. Industrial Claim Appeals Office, et al.
No.: 06CA2268 Peter L. Day v. Industrial Claim Appeals Office, et al.
No.: 06CA2608 Janice M. Nickola v. Industrial Claim Appeals Office, et al.
No.: 07CA0175 People In the Interest of D.M.S., Jr., J.L.S., and R.E.S., Children,
and Concerning L.S.
No. 07CA0220 People In the Interest of N.T.M., Jr., J.D.M., and L.J.M., Children,
Upon the Petition of the Denver Department of Human Services, and Concerning N.DG.M. and T.L.P.
No.: 07CA0323 People In the Interest of B.M.T., a child, and Concerning S.T.
No.: 07CA0765 People v. Dennis Stanton

June 25, 2007

The supreme court's announcements for today are here. The court issued ten decisions, summarized below. The court also granted cert. in three cases, one of which was remanded. The issues in those cases follow the summaries. These are probably the last opinions out of the court for awhile. Typically, the court issues only a few decisions, if any, during July and August. Of course, if the court does release any decisions, I will have them here.

It was not an abuse of discretion for the water court judge to recuse himself without providing a waivable reason for such recusal on the record. In addition, the record adequately supported the water court’s finding that the Individual Homeowners and their attorney were “stubbornly litigious” because they continued to relitigate a settled issue contrary to the water court’s explicit admonition. Therefore, the water court did not abuse its discretion in awarding a reasonable amount of attorney fees to the Association under C.R.S. § 13-17-102(4). Spring Creek Ranchers' Association v. McNichols

In an interlocutory appeal, the supreme court concluded the trial court abused its discretion when it disqualified two assistant district attorneys and the entire Mesa County District Attorney’s Office from further participation in two pending cases against the defendant after finding special circumstances. The court held that the trial court had insufficient grounds to disqualify the prosecuting attorneys and the entire Mesa County District Attorney’s Office. The prosecuting attorneys had previously represented three potential witnesses in private practice on a variety of unrelated matters. Based on the possibility that they obtained exculpatory information during their representation of the witnesses, the trial court found that they were barred from revealing that information, which created an irresolvable ethical conflict in participating in the prosecution of
the defendant. The trial court relied on the Colorado Rules of Professional Conduct to conclude that the prosecuting attorneys were placed “on the horns of [an] irresolvable [ethical] dilemma,” which constituted special circumstances requiring disqualification. But because of the attenuated and unrelated nature of the prosecuting attorneys’ prior representation, the mandatory obligation of prosecuting attorneys to disclose exculpatory information, the lack of a showing that defendant would likely not receive a fair trial, and the prosecuting attorneys’ assertions that they did not have exculpatory information, the trial court abused its discretion. The supreme court concluded no special circumstances existed that would warrant disqualification of the prosecuting attorneys and the Mesa County District Attorney’s Office. People v. Lincoln

The trial court need not give a unanimity instruction when a defendant is charged with a single transaction of solicitation. Here, the People charged and tried their case against defendant on the theory that he was involved in a single transaction of solicitation. Thus, the trial court was not required to give a unanimity instruction. Justice Coats, joined by Justice Rice, concurred in the judgment only, concluding that the majority opinion "presumes a general right to jury agreement that does not exist in either the federal or state constitution," and that "its interjection of the concept of a 'transaction of solicitation,' apparently in contrast to a single crime of solicitation, hopelessly confuses the scope of the crime itself, as well as the law of this jurisdiction governing a defendant’s right to compel an election among separate criminal acts sufficient in themselves to satisfy a single charge or count." He concurred in the judgment, though, because he concluded that "a defendant waives any right he may have to an election by failing to assert it in a timely manner, and therefore that a trial court’s failure to force such an election, sua sponte, cannot amount to error at all, much less plain error." Melina v. People

The trial court had denied the defendant’s motion for judgment of acquittal, following the introduction of evidence to the effect that the defendant expressed her intent to kill a particular sheriff’s deputy with a pipe bomb; that she admitted learning the victim’s address and driving by his house; and that she possessed almost all of the components needed to build a pipe bomb, as well as materials to manufacture false identifications. The court of appeals reversed, finding the evidence insufficient to prove that the defendant took a “substantial step” toward commission of the crime. The supreme court reversed, holding that there was sufficient evidence at trial to reach the jury on all of the elements of attempted first degree murder. People v. Lehnert

When he was thirteen years old, defendant committed a delinquent act which, after he had turned fourteen, the prosecution charged as a crime of burglary by filing an information directly in the district court. Under a plea agreement, defendant was convicted and sentenced as an adult for second degree burglary. Relying on the plain language of the direct filing statute, the district court and the court of appeals concluded that the prosecution had the discretionary authority to charge defendant as an adult under the then-existing direct filing statute, because he was fourteen when the charges were filed. The supreme court reversed, concluding that the plain language of the direct filing statute, as it existed when defendant was charged, was ambiguous as to whether a juvenile must be fourteen when the charged delinquent act occurred or when the prosecution filed
the charge. Given the stated purpose of the juvenile justice system and the legislature’s intent in enacting the Children’s Code, the supreme court held that a juvenile must have been fourteen years old at the time the delinquent act occurred, in order for the prosecution to bring the case in district court by a direct filing. Justice Coats dissented, noting that he considered the majority's interpretation of the direct file statute wholly unjustified.
Bostelman v. People

The supreme court concluded that a successor court may decide Batson issues when it conducts a post-trial Batson hearing at which it can assess the peremptory challenger's credibility when providing his nondiscriminatory reasons for striking specific jurors, and the trial transcripts or juror questionnaires sufficiently confirm the existence of the proffered reasons. Here, the successor court, after concluding that a prima facie case of gender discrimination had been established, conducted a post-trial Batson hearing where the defendant proffered several nondiscriminatory reasons for striking the four female jurors. Because the facts in the juror questionnaires and the record of jury selection confirmed at least one of the nondiscriminatory reasons for striking each of the four female prospective jurors, the court concluded that the successor court did not abuse its discretion when it conducted the Batson hearing in this case. Craig v. Carlson

Plaintiffs were current and former airline employees who claim to have suffered skin and respiratory problems because of exposure to environmental contamination at Denver International Airport (“DIA”) since the facility opened in 1995. In 2002, plaintiffs filed a notice of claim with Denver for personal injury and damages due to environmental contamination at DIA. Denver invoked governmental immunity, but following an evidentiary hearing the trial court refused to dismiss the claim. The trial court held that plaintiffs had discovered their injuries by 1999, but it adopted plaintiffs’ theory that their symptoms recurred within the CGIA 180-day period applicable to the 2002 notice of claim, and every time a symptom recurred a separate injury occurred for CGIA purposes. The court of appeals affirmed. The supreme court reversed, holding that the complaint, the C.R.C.P. 12(b)(1) evidentiary hearing, and the trial court’s findings of fact all demonstrate that, by 1999, plaintiffs had discovered their injuries. Because they did not file their joint notice of claim with Denver until 2002, they were outside the 180-day CGIA requirement. Therefore, their claims had to be dismissed. City and County of Denver v. Crandall

A waiver of attorney’s fees in a marital agreement is subject to review for unconscionability at the time of the dissolution. The supreme court first looked to the plain language of the Colorado Marital Agreement Act (“CMAA”) to determine whether the General Assembly intended for a waiver of attorney’s fees to be reviewable for unconscionability. Finding a conflict in the CMAA’s provisions, the court turned to other tools of statutory construction to discern legislative intent. Concluding such agreements are subject to unconscionability review, the court reversed the court of appeals, and upheld the trial court’s award of attorney’s fees. Justice Eid, joined by Justices Bender and Martinez, specially concurred, noting, "Under the rationale adopted by the majority today, a district court can conduct an unconscionability review of all provisions of a marital agreement. Yet the legislature has permitted such review 'insofar, but only insofar, as the provisions of such agreement . . . relate to' the determination of spousal maintenance. § 14-2-307(2), C.R.S. (2006) (emphasis added). In my view, the attorney’s fees waiver provision at issue in this case can be reviewed for unconscionability not because all provisions in a marital agreement can be subjected to such review, as the majority effectively holds, but because it 'relates to' the determination of spousal maintenance." In re the Marriage of Ikeler

In a C.A.R. 21 proceeding, the supreme court considered whether the fifteen thousand dollar statutory limit on damages in C.R.S. § 8-41-401(3) of the Workers’ Compensation Act (“WCA”) applies to a personal injury suit brought by an independent contractor against the contractor for whom he was performing services. The trial court ruled the limitation on damages did not apply.
The supreme court held the language of § 8-41-401(3) limits the damages in suits brought by individuals who, but for their choice to avoid coverage, would have claims that would otherwise be compensable under the WCA. The statute applies to individuals excluded from the WCA’s definition of “employee,” working general partners or sole proprietors not covered by the WCA, and corporate officers rejecting coverage under the WCA. The court also held the statute excepts from those limits suits for work-related injuries between a defendant who is “another not in the same employ” as the plaintiff. The court held that “another not in the same employ,” consistent with its usage in the WCA, is a person who is a third party to an agreement to perform services.
Therefore the independent contractor would otherwise have had a compensable claim under the WCA but for his choice to not cover himself; therefore he is subject to the statutory limits.
In re Pulsifer v. Pueblo Professional Contractors

In an interlocutory appeal challenging a grant of suppression of evidence, the supreme court reversed the trial court’s suppression ruling. The court reversed the trial court’s holding that the search of defendant's vehicle and purse was unconstitutional because there was no probable cause for a felony arrest. The court held that the search and seizure of a suspect is valid if an investigatory stop is valid and an investigating officer has a reasonable belief based on articulable facts that a suspect could be trying to gain control of a weapon. In this case, the investigatory stop of the defendant was valid and the search of the defendant’s vehicle was based on the investigating officer’s reasonable interpretation of defendant's suspicious actions. Consequently, the court reversed the trial court’s suppression of the evidence found in defendant's purse and her subsequent statements. People v. McDaniel

The court granted cert. in the following cases:

Bloom v. People, No. 06SC597, on these issues:

Whether Petitioner’s constitutional rights were violated when a prosecution witness testified that the only witness to support Petitioner’s defense had failed a polygraph examination regarding his statements to the police in the summer of 2002.

Whether the trial court erred and violated Petitioner’s constitutional rights when it found her competent to proceed to trial without conducting a meaningful competency evaluation.

Kancilia v. Pearson, No. 07SC4, on this question:

Whether the court of appeals erred in holding that a creditor with non-dischargeable debt may garnish assets that a debtor claimed as exempt from the bankruptcy estate pursuant to 11 U.S.C. section 522(l), where the exemption lacked a statutory basis under Colorado law.

In Hoopeston Foods Denver Corp. v. Stokes Canning Co., No. 07SC156, cert. was granted, the judgment vacated and the case remanded to the court of appeals in light of Ingold v. Aimco/Bluffs L.L.C. Apartments, Case No. 06SA240 (May 29, 2007).

June 21, 2007

Here are today's court of appeals announcements. The court issued only unpublished decisions:

June 20, 2007

The court of appeals will release the following unpublished decisions tomorrow:

No.: 04CA1025 People v. Derrick Turner
No.: 04CA2659 People v. George A. Largent
No.: 05CA1141 People v. Aaron Ellis Rasco
No.: 05CA1144 People v. Albino Robert Montoya
No.: 05CA1247 People v. Vern X. Sittingbear
No.: 05CA1492 People v. Michael Wheeler
No.: 05CA1534 People v. Ralph Henry Jackson
No.: 05CA1596 People v. John G. Grossetete
No.: 05CA1691 People v. Steven Larry Wolf
No.: 05CA1730 People v. Raymond Cruz Baca
No.: 05CA1858 People v. Kevin M. Trimble
No.: 05CA1907 People v. Erin Alexis Jones
No.: 05CA2050 People v. Lee Roy Vasquez-Diaz
No.: 05CA2106 People v. Elmer Marsh
No.: 05CA2444 People v. Edward L. Rodriguez
No.: 05CA2581 People v. Damon Von Trotter
No.: 05CA2583 People v. Otto Fernando Rivera-Bottzeck
No.: 05CA2651 People v. Cornelius D. Blake
No.: 05CA2661 Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. v. David Lindholm
No.: 05CA2731 Wells Fargo Bank, NA v. David Lindholm
No.: 06CA0094 People v. Gregory D. Albright
No.: 06CA0108 People v. Jeffrey McIntyre
No.: 06CA0130 Trenson L. Byrd, d/b/a T.B. Financial v. The Kentwood Company at Cherry Creek L.L.C., et al
No.: 06CA0140 People v. Lonnie A. Gaskey
No.: 06CA0159 People v. Shawn Michael Peacock
No.: 06CA0274 In the Matter of the Estate of Jeannette A. Swanger, a/k/a Jeannette Swanger, deceased, and Concerning John R. Carlson v. Mark Swanger
No.: 06CA0347 People v. Timothy Andren Nauyokas
No.: 06CA0379 People v. Oloyea Donald Wallin
No.: 06CA0429 People v. Sunny M. Torres
No.: 06CA0446 People v. Michael W. Clifford
No.: 06CA0518 People v. Kevin Eric Chillis
No.: 06CA0527 FSDW, LLC, a Colorado Limited Liability Company and
Gene E. Fischer v. First National Bank as Conservator for Daniel Dennis Dumont; et al.
No.: 06CA0648 Melvin Lovata and Bernice Lovata v. John R. Stouffer, , et al.
No.: 06CA0655 Marriage of Charles R. Drennan and Mary M. Drennan
No.: 06CA0900 People v. Sedrick D. Daniels
No.: 06CA0937 People v. David Richardson
No.: 06CA1042 St Mary Corwin Hospital, et al. v. Industrial Claim Appeals Office, et al.
No.: 06CA1246 People In the Interest of J.C.-A.
No.: 06CA1389 People v. Gregory Marlin Hull
No.: 06CA1618 People In the Interest of J.F.M.
No.: 06CA1628 Marriage of Dianne Brennan and Glade Enfield
No.: 06CA2279 People In the Interest of C.B., a Child, and Concerning D.B. and D.B.
No.: 06CA2446 Orlinda A. Del Toro v. Industrial Claim Appeals Office, et al.
No.: 06CA2527 Kevin M. True v. Industrial Claim Appeals Office, et al.
No.: 06CA2544 People v. Larry G. Arellano
No.: 06CA2597 David Jackson v. Industrial Claim Appeals, et al.
No.: 06CA2637 People v. Ruben J. Muniz
No.: 07CA0005 Roger A. Lauer, v. Industrial Claim Appeals Office, et al.
No.: 07CA0006 Federico Beduya v. Industrial Claim Appeals Office, et al.
No.: 07CA0078 People v. Ronald Jennings Fogle
No.: 07CA0254 People v. David William Irons
No.: 07CA0451 People In the Interest of C.J.D., A.D.D. and D.K.D., Children,
and Concerning S.A.D.

June 15, 2007

The court of appeals' oral argument calendar for August is here.

The supreme court will have no case announcements on Monday. So unless there is other appellate news that day, I will not post an update. Happy Fathers' Day everyone!

June 14, 2007

Happy Flag Day!

Here are today's court of appeals announcements. The court issued 10 published decisions, summarized below.

In an appeal from a judgment enforcing statutory liens against developers' property, the Lease Purchase Agreement stated that the Lease and payments made thereunder were not multiple fiscal year indebtedness or any other kind of debt, and did not constitute debt or a financial obligation within the meaning of any constitutional or statutory provision. Therefore, the Lease was not an indebtedness within the meaning of C.R.S. § 32-1-1006(1)(h)(I)(C) and (E). Accordingly, the Lease Purchase Agreement could not be used to assess and calculate availability of service or facilities fees (ASF). The court concluded that there was no legal basis for a foreclosure claim against the developer for unpaid ASF and late fees, and reversed the district court's judgment on that issue. Skyland Metropolitan District v. Mountain West Enterprise, LLC

A defendant may not recover attorney fees under C.R.S. § 13-17-201 when (1) the plaintiff’s action includes both tort and nontort claims and (2) the defendant has obtained dismissal of the tort claims, but not of the nontort claims, under C.R.C.P. 12(b). The court concluded that the dismissal of less than the entire “action” is insufficient to trigger an award under the plain language of the statute. The court noted that had the legislature intended to authorize recovery for something other than dismissal of the entire action, it would have employed different language. Sotelo v. Hutchens Trucking Company, Inc.

The court upheld HB 1455, concluding it did not run afoul of Amendment 35, enacted by the voters. The court noted that the plain language of Amendment 35 "clearly and unambiguously provides that the General Assembly is responsible for setting the spending levels for health-related
purposes from existing sources of revenue. Section 6 of the amendment provides that revenues appropriated from tobacco taxes mandated by the amendment shall be used to supplement 'revenues that are appropriated by the General Assembly for health related purposes.'" The court further noted that the General Assembly has plenary power over the appropriation of “state monies,” subject only to constitutional limitations. Therefore, HB 1455 constituted legislative action specifically contemplated by Amendment 35 and the Colorado Constitution. Colorado Community Health Network. v. Colorado General Assembly

A corporate entity can be considered a public employee under the Colorado Governmental
Immunity Act, C.R.S. § 24-10-101, et seq. Safari 300, Ltd. v. Hamilton Family Enterprises, Inc.

The trial court abused its discretion by admitting a laboratory report without testimony from the
laboratory technician who had prepared the report, and whose presence at trial defendant had requested pursuant to C.R.S. § 16-3-309(5). Under this record, the defendant's convictions had to be reversed.
People v. Williams

Negligence claims brought by safehouse that had its shelter address inadvertently disclosed by directory assistance and Dex, were barred by the filed tariff doctrine and by federal law, and that the tariffs limit Qwest’s liability to zero as a matter of law. Safehouse Progressive Alliance for Nonviolence, Inc. v. Qwest Corporation

Defendant appealed the trial court's order denying his Crim. P. 35(a) motion for postconviction relief, contending he has a liberty interest in a reduced prison sentence; that the court improperly denied him due process when it modified his sentence without providing (1) notice of a violation of a condition of that sentence, (2) disclosure of the evidence against him, (3) a fair opportunity to be heard and to present evidence, and (4) the right to confront and cross-examine adverse witnesses; and that, thus, the court improperly imposed a new sentence in an illegal manner. The court of appeals agreed and reversed. The appeal arose because the trial court had received a letter from a DOC sex offender treatment program manager, stating that defendant had not successfully completed the program, but would benefit from further treatment. No motion was pending at the time. The court, sua sponte, entered an order vacating defendant's ten-year suspension and imposing a twenty-five year sentence. People v. Sisson

In a case involving conservation easement tax credits, the court of appeals vacated and remanded the district court's summary judgment in favor of the taxpayers. The version of the Conservation Easement Tax Credit Act, C.R.S. § 39-22-522(2), in effect when the taxpayers donation was made provided that each “taxpayer” who donated a conservation easement could claim a credit not to exceed $100,000 per donation over a twenty-year period. “Taxpayer” was then defined as “a resident individual or a domestic or foreign corporation [with certain tax exempt status].” Colo. Sess. Laws 1999, ch. 247, § 39-22-522( 1) at 976. The plaintiffs, two married couples, split the value of the easement ($154,700) and each took a tax credit of $77,350. In 2000 and 2001, each
couple received credits and refunds for the conservation easement without objection from the Department of Revenue. In December 2002, the Department promulgated Regulation
39-22-522(2)(e)(I), 1 Code Colo. Regs. 2012, which stated: “The total credit generated by the donation of a perpetual easement in gross by tenants in common is limited to $100,000.” The
Regulation became effective on March 1, 2003. Relying on this Regulation, the Department issued separate notices of deficiency to the Taxpayers to recoup the tax credits and refunds that were issued to them in 2000 and 2001. The Taxpayers contested the assessment, but the Department declined relief and issued its final determination, concluding the Conservation Easement Tax Credit Act allowed only one credit per donation and that the credit must be divided between the parties contributing to the donation. The district court granted summary judgment to the taxpayers, concluding that C.R.S. § 39-22-522 did not include tenants in common in the category of taxpayers required to split the $100,000 conservation easement credit. The court reasoned that,
because Regulation 39-22-522(2)(e) specifically provided that tenants in common must split the total conservation easement credit, it was an improper extension of C.R.S. § 39-22-522 and therefore void. The court of appeals vacated, and remanded for the district court to determine whether the 2006 amendment to the statute applies retroactively and, if so, whether its application constitutes unconstitutional retrospective legislation in light of the particular facts surrounding the taxpayer credits previously approved. If the court determines that the 2006 amendment applies, the court should also consider the Taxpayers’ additional arguments for summary judgment, which it did not address in the original summary judgment order. If the court determines that the 2006
amendment does not apply, it shall reinstate the judgment in favor of the Taxpayers.
Kenna v. Huber

In an appeal from the termination of parental rights, the court of appeals remanded for an evidentiary hearing on whether the mother received ineffective assistance of counsel. In a highly unusual procedure, the court of appeals requested and considered an offer of proof from appellate counsel to show ineffectiveness. Based on that offer of proof, the court of appeals concluded an evidentiary hearing was necessary. At the hearing, the trial court must determine (1) whether the mother's former attorney acted outside the wide range of professionally competent assistance
required in termination proceedings, and (2) whether there is a reasonable probability that the alleged shortcomings, alone or in combination, affected the outcome of the termination proceeding. People In the Interest of C.H.

Because consent of the parties was not necessary for the magistrate to hear this delinquency action, C.R.S. § 19-1-108(1) (authorizing a magistrate to hear any juvenile delinquency matter except where a jury trial has been requested, or in transfer proceedings), the procedures to be followed to obtain review of the adjudication were not governed by C.R.M. 7(b). Rather, the filing of a petition for review in the district court was a prerequisite to the court of appeals’ review of the juvenile’s delinquency adjudication that had been tried before a magistrate. Because the district court’s order denying the juvenile’s petition for review as untimely did not indicate whether the court took account of the Estep-Baker considerations, and because at least one of these factors the potential prejudice to the People that would result from allowing a late filing – requires the resolution of factual issues, the court of appeals remanded for additional findings and reconsideration in light of the Estep-Baker factors. In the event the district court concludes that the juvenile’s right of review should be reinstated, the district court was directed to conduct a review of the magistrate’s judgment pursuant to C.R.S. § 19-1-108(5). People In the Interest of M.A.M.

June 13, 2007

The court of appeals will release both published and unpublished decisions tomorrow. Here is the list of opinions being issued tomorrow:

Published Opinions

No.: 04CA2605 Skyland Metropolitan District, et al. v. Mountain West Enterprise, LLC, et al.
No.: 05CA2054 Luis Sotelo, surviving parent of Carlos Sotelo v. Hutchens Trucking Company, Inc. and Crane Service, LLC
No.: 05CA2577 Colorado Community Health Network; et al. v. Colorado General Assembly; et al.
No.: 06CA0065 Safari 300, Ltd., et al. v. Hamilton Family Enterprises, Inc. and Colorado Department of Natural Resources, Division of Parks and Outdoor Recreation; et al.
No.: 06CA0073 People v. Janene Williams
No.: 06CA0083 Safehouse Progressive Alliance for Nonviolence, Inc. v. Qwest Corporation, et al.
No.: 06CA0489 People v. Dennis Michael Sisson
No.: 06CA0608 Matthew Kenna, et al. v. Roxy Huber, Executive Director of the Department of Revenue, State of Colorado
No.: 06CA1567 People In the Interest of C.H., a Child and Concerning M.J.H., a/k/a M.J.S.
No.: 06CA1961 People In the Interest of M.A.M.

Unpublished Opinions

No.: 04CA1969 People v. Edward Ray Williams
No.: 05CA0812 People v. Bruce Arthur Halstead
No.: 05CA0817 People v. Danny Paul Pommerville
No.: 05CA1876 The Guides, Ltd., d/b/a The Africa House v. Miller, Lane, Killmer & Griesen, LLP, et al.
No.: 05CA1978 People v. Pedro Lucero
No.: 05CA2284 Elizabeth DeHerrera, as mother and next friend of Lucas DeHerrera v. Sentry Insurance Company
Nos.: 05CA2490 & 06CA0249 In re the Marriage of Catherine A. Keiser and Johnny W. Morrison and Concerning Chris Matz and Jefferson County Department of Human Services
No.: 05CA2532 People v. Brent Adrian Smeltzer
No.: 05CA2541 John D. Garvin, et al. v. Janice L. Greutzmacher; et al.
No.: 05CA2578 People v. Jonathan Dean Sheppard
No.: 05CA2641 People v. Miguel Quirino
No.: 05CA2699 Network Affiliates, Inc. v. Nancy Tanchel, M.D., et al.
No.: 06CA0181 Alyssa Martinez v. Ryan E. Roberts
No.: 06CA0188 In re the Estate of Harold L. Meadoff, a/k/a Harold Meadoff and Hal Meadoff, deceased. William Meadoff, Personal Representative; Jill S. Vincent; and Connie C. Vincent v. Susan Meadoff
No.: 06CA0197 Farmers Insurance Exchange v. Robin South
No.: 06CA0561 In re the Marriage of Michael L. Jacobs and Natalie L. Jacobs
No.: 06CA0745 James Bettner v. Terry Bartruff, et al.
No.: 06CA0886 People v. Michael A. Gibson
No.: 06CA0922 People v. Kosal So
No.: 06CA1092 People v. Mario Carlos Reyes
No.: 06CA1522 In re the Marriage of Elizabeth Hoffman, n/k/a Elizabeth Anthony and Curtis T. Hoffman
No.: 06CA1571 Connie Anderson v. Industrial Claim Appeals Office, et al.
No.: 06CA1620 Abraham Hagos v. Larry Valencia, detective and City and County of Denver
No.: 06CA1658 People v. Mark Troy Ramirez
No.: 06CA1935 People In the Interest of J.C., Child, and Concerning E.C. and J.M. and G.C. and J.C.
No.: 06CA2022 People In the Interest of B.S. and J.F., Children, Upon the Petition of the El Paso Department of Human Services, and Concerning T.S.
No.: 06CA2115 People v. Wilson Lopez
No.: 06CA2585 Stephen L. Hymes v. Industrial Claim Appeals Office, et al.
No.: 06CA2621 Daniel C. Sanders v. Industrial Claim Appeals Office, et al.
No.: 06CA2660 People v. Donald L. Murphy
No.: 06CA2675 People v. Carlos Granillo-Pinon
No.: 07CA0288 People In the Interest of C.C. and L.C., Children, Upon the Petition of the Grand County Department of Social Services, and Concerning L.H.

June 11, 2007

Here are today's supreme court announcements. The court announced decisions in four cases, two of which were affirmed by operation of law (C.A.R. 35(e)), meaning the court was equally divided 3-3. No opinion is issued in such cases. The two cases were Trimble v. People, and Carton v. People. Also, the court did not grant cert. in any cases.

Defendant did not forfeit his confrontation rights, and therefore it violated the Confrontation Clause for the district court to admit a videotaped interview with one of the child victims in lieu of her live testimony. The court of appeals had held that Crawford v. Washington barred admission of the out-of-court interview, and the error was not harmless. It also rejected the People’s claim that by causing her unavailability, the defendant forfeited his right to confront the child. The supreme court affirmed, holding that because the People did not prove that the defendant had any intention of subverting the criminal justice system by preventing or dissuading the child from being a witness against him, the record failed to demonstrate that he forfeited his confrontation right. People v. Moreno

In an interlocutory appeal by the People, the supreme court reversed the trial court’s suppression of statements made by the defendant-motorist in response to roadside questioning by a law enforcement officer. The supreme court held that the trial court erroneously found the defendant to be in custody at the time of questioning for purposes of Miranda. The officer’s retention of the defendant’s driver’s license, his order that the defendant remain in his vehicle during a records check, and his order that the defendant step out of the vehicle while the officer conducted a consensual search, were not together sufficient to establish custody. In addition, the officer’s statements to the defendant in this case did not create custody because they were unaccompanied by any significant degree of restraint on the defendant. The court therefore reversed the trial court’s suppression order. People v. Stephenson

June 8, 2007

The supreme court will issue the following four decisions on Monday:

No. 05SC762, Trimble v. People

No. 06SC26, People v. Moreno

No. 06SC436, Carton v. People

No. 07SA16, People v. Stephenson (no orals)

June 7, 2007

Here are the court of appeals' announcements for today. The court issued the following unpublished decisions (no published decisions):

No.: 03CA1330 People v. William Allen Davis
No.: 04CA0357 People v. Travis Barnes
No.: 05CA0818 People v. Juan Manuel Bravo
No.: 05CA1364 People v. Dung M. Duong
No.: 05CA1435 People v. Rudy Sisneros
No.: 05CA1714 People v. Paul Chayne Williams
No.: 05CA1754 People v. Gregory Stewart Hubler
No.: 05CA2322 Marriage of Cynthia S. Baan, n/k/a Cynthia S. Mitchell and Andrew G. Baan
No.: 06CA0223 Peter Buckley, an individual d/b/a InternetVail.com v. Resort Technology Partners, LLC, et al.
No.: 06CA0317 Bart A. Cuomo b. Mark L. Halstead
No.: 06CA0638 People v. Leo E. Porter, Jr.

On June 1, the court issued a new decision in Ferrel v. Colorado Dep't of Corrections, and withdrew the opinion it had issue on May 17. The court granted the Plaintiff-Appellant's motion to modify the language of the decision, but it's not clear what that modification was. What is clear is the plaintiff still lost.

June 5, 2007

The supreme court's announcements from yesterday are here. The court issued one decision, summarized below. The court did not grant cert. in any cases.

In an appeal of a trial court’s suppression order involving the seizure of evidence as result of a traffic stop, the prosecution argued that an officer’s observation of an air freshener hanging from the rearview mirror justified the stop, relying on C.R.S. § 42-4-201(4) (prohibiting the obstruction of a driver's vision). The prosecution further argued that the fellow officer rule provided additional support for the stop. The supreme court, however, affirmed the suppression order, holding that an
officer must reasonably believe that an object hanging from a rearview mirror actually obstructs the driver’s vision to have reasonable articulable suspicion for a traffic stop. Further, the supreme court held that the fellow officer rule, which allows one officer to act based on the reasonable articulable suspicion of his fellow officers, is inapplicable where the acting officer is told to find an independent basis for an investigatory stop. The court reached its holding by deferring to the trial court’s findings that the evidence was insufficient to show that the officer reasonably believed the driver’s vision through the windshield was obstructed at the time he pulled Arias over. It further found that the officer who stopped the truck was not told of the grounds for the stop and was
specifically instructed to find an independent basis for the stop. Justice Eid, joined by Justices Rice and Coats, dissented, concluding that the trial court’s reservations about the constitutional vagueness of the statute prevented it from making factual findings. Justice Eid would have resolved the vagueness question by holding that the statute prohibitted only those obstructions that hinder the driver’s view in an unsafe manner, and would have remanded the case for
consideration of the facts under this standard. People v. Arias

June 1, 2007

The supreme court will issue one decision on Monday, No. 07SA17, People v. Arias, which appears to be an interlocutory appeal by the People.

In the last couple of months, the supreme court has issued rules to show cause in the following C.A.R. 21 proceedings and accepted a certification request under C.A.R. 21.1 in one case:

No. 07SA150

Adams County District Court Case No. 06CV546 (Judge John Edward Popovich)

In Re:

Plaintiff:

CYNTHIA CARDENAS, Mother and Next Friend of ISABELLE PEREZ,

v.

Defendants:

VANDNA JERATH, M.D. and ST. ANTHONY HOSPITAL NORTH.

Plaintiff Cynthia Cardenas, on behalf of her daughter Isabelle Perez, alleges that Perez’s brain damage was caused by the negligence of Defendants during Perez’s birth. Plaintiff seeks relief from trial court orders shielding St. Anthony’s internal investigation through the use of a “Hawkins letter”, and an order requiring Plaintiff to execute unlimited authorizations allowing for the release of medical records and information.

On May 22, 2007, the court issued an order to show cause why the requested relief should not be granted. Respondent St. Anthony Hospital North is directed to answer on or before June 22, 2007, and petitioner, Cynthia Cardenas has thirty days from receipt of the answer within which to reply.


No. 07SA125

United States District Court for the District of Colorado
Case No. 05-CV-01317-LTB-MJW

In re:

Plaintiffs:

AE, INC, a Colorado corporation, and ROSEMARIE GLAS,

v.

Defendant:

THE GOOD YEAR TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY, an Ohio corporation.

Synopsis:

Pursuant to C.A.R. 21.1 the U.S. District Court requested that the Colorado Supreme Court accept the following certified question of law:

Whether Colorado adopts Section 171 of the Restatement (Second) of Conflict of Laws (1971) in determining which state’s laws apply to the question of entitlement to pre-judgment interest.

On May 10, 2007, the court accepted the certified question.


No. 07SA113

Boulder County District Court Case No. 06CV424 (Judge Maria E. Berkenkotter)

In re:

Plaintiff:

LESLIE LANAHAN, individually and as Personal Representative of the Estate of Lynn Gordon Bailey, Jr.

v.

Defendants:

CHI PSI FRATERNITY, ALPHA PSI DELTA CORPORATION OF CHI PSI, individually and as a chapter and agent of Chi Psi Fraternity, PATRICK STEPHENSON WALL, NICHOLAS AARON ABRAHAMSEN, FRANK WILLIAMSON DARDEN, BRETT JAMISON HERTER, CHRISTOPHER NELSON JONES, MICHAEL BURNS RYAN and ALAN JOSEPH WILLIAMS.

Plaintiff Leslie Lanahan, individually and as Personal Representative of the Estate of Lynn Gordon Bailey, brought suit against the Chi Psi Fraternity and various of its members for wrongful death. Plaintiff claims that her son Gordie died as a result of hazing by fraternity members, the failure of the members to obtain medical assistance that would have saved his life, and the failure of the national fraternity and its local chapter to properly train and supervise their members. She asserts that each of the defendants either participated in the events causing death or failed to properly supervise the participants.

The question raised by this Rule 21 Petition is whether the noneconomic damages cap under the Wrongful Death Act, C.R.S. Section 13-21-203(1)(a), applies to each defendant in a case and does not apply to the total amount a plaintiff may recover. The Boulder District Court held that section 203 (1)(a) caps damages on a per claim, not per defendant, basis.

On April 19, 2007, the court issued an order to show cause why the requested relief should not be granted. Respondents Chi Psi Fraternity, Alpha Psi Delta Corporation of Chi Psi, individually and as a chapter and agent of Chi Psi Fraternity, Patrick Stephenson Wall, Nicholas Aaron Abrahamsen, Frank Williamson Darden, Brett Jamison Herter, Christopher Nelson Jones, Michael Burns Ryan and Alan Joseph Williams are directed to answer on or before May 21, 2007, and petitioner, Leslie Lanahan, has 30 days from receipt of the answer within which to reply.


No. 07SA109

District Court, City & County of Denver, 05CV6451 (Judge John N. McMullen)

In Re:

Archdiocese of Denver Cases- Group 1

This filing relates to consolidated cases 05CV6451, 05CV6582, 05CV7025, 05CV7438, 05CV7437, 05CV9632, 05CV10016, 05CV10351, 06CV243, 06CV244, 06CV870, 06CV3208.

Respondents claim negligence against Petitioners related to alleged child sexual abuse by former priest that occurred approximately 40 years ago. Petitioners seek relief from the trial court’s order denying Petitioners’ Motion to Dismiss based on the statute of limitations.

On April 19, 2007, the court issued an order to show cause why the requested relief should not be granted. Respondents are directed to file a written answer on or before May 9, 2007, and Petitioners have 20 days from receipt of answer within which to reply.

 


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